قال الله تعالى

 {  إِنَّ اللَّــهَ لا يُغَيِّــرُ مَـا بِقَــوْمٍ حَتَّــى يُـغَيِّـــرُوا مَــا بِــأَنْــفُسِــــهِـمْ  }

سورة  الرعد  .  الآيـة   :   11

ahlaa

" ليست المشكلة أن نعلم المسلم عقيدة هو يملكها، و إنما المهم أن نرد إلي هذه العقيدة فاعليتها و قوتها الإيجابية و تأثيرها الإجتماعي و في كلمة واحدة : إن مشكلتنا ليست في أن نبرهن للمسلم علي وجود الله بقدر ما هي في أن نشعره بوجوده و نملأ به نفسه، بإعتباره مصدرا للطاقة. "
-  المفكر الجزائري المسلم الراحل الأستاذ مالك بن نبي رحمه الله  -

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rasoulallahbinbadisassalacerhso  wefaqdev iktab
الإثنين, 24 شباط/فبراير 2020 15:02

Extrait du livre "The Islamic Threat : Myth or reality ?" John L. Esposito

كتبه  By John L. Esposito
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The Rise of Hizbullah 

The impact of the Iranian revolution, the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982, Israel's subsequent occupation of the south )1982-85), and the massacre of Palestinians and Lebanese in the Shatila and Sabra refugee camps by Christian Phalangists with Israeli complicity, contributed to the formation of extremist revolutionnary Islamic organizations, in particular Hizbullah (Party of God) and al-Jihad, whose goals were to emulate Iran. Following Iran's example, they were against the utited States and Israel and sought to violently overthrow the Lebanese government and impose an Islamic state. Hizbullah's pro-Iranian orientation was clearly set forth in its manifesto :

We, the sons of Hizbullah's nation, whose vanguard God has given victory in Iran and which has established the nucleus of the world's central Islamic state, abide by the orders of a single wise and just command currently embodied in the supreme Ayatollah Khumaini...We have opted for religion, freedom and dignity over humiliation and constant submission to America and its allies and Zionism and their[Chrisitan] Phalangist allies. We have risen to liberate our country, to drive the imperialists and the invaders out of it and to take our fate in our hands.

The U.S. relationship with Lebanon had spanned decades, involving an educational, missionary, commercial, and diplomatic presence, in 1958 President Eisenhower had sent Marines to protect Lebanon's president. yet the united States had supplied Israel with aircraft and arms and failed to condemn Israel's 1982 invasion and occupation of Lebanon in the United nations. Many lebanese regarded the United States as a tacit partner in Israel's sweep through Lebanon, and it had continued to support Lebanon's(Maronite) Pres. Amin Gemayel, whose regime radical Shii regarded as unrepresentative and illegitimate. Thus for many in 1958 the multinational force was seen as part of the problem and not the solution-as protecting the gemayel government and israeli interests.

The year 1982 proved to be a turning point in Shii politics. In addition to the Israeli invasion, it witnessed a schism in AMAL, the radicalization of Shii populist movements and politics, and with it a major challenge to AMAL's dominance of Shii political activism. When Nabih Berri agreed to participate in the national Salvation Committee, an alliance with other confessional groups, shortly after the Israeli invasion of 1982, Hussein Musawi, a former teacher and member of AMAL's Command Council, challenged his leadership. Musawi accused Berri of collaboration with Israel and rejected his secular nationalist goal of a multiconfessional state. He broke away and withdrew to Baalbek in the Bika Valley where formed Islamic AMAL, a militant organization strongly influenced by Khomeini's Iran and committed to the creation of an Islamic republic in Lebanon.

Extract from "The Islamic Threat myth or reality" of John L. Esposito.page 145-146 New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press 1992-1995

قراءة 924 مرات آخر تعديل على الأربعاء, 26 شباط/فبراير 2020 15:14

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