قال الله تعالى

 {  إِنَّ اللَّــهَ لا يُغَيِّــرُ مَـا بِقَــوْمٍ حَتَّــى يُـغَيِّـــرُوا مَــا بِــأَنْــفُسِــــهِـمْ  }

سورة  الرعد  .  الآيـة   :   11

ahlaa

" ليست المشكلة أن نعلم المسلم عقيدة هو يملكها، و إنما المهم أن نرد إلي هذه العقيدة فاعليتها و قوتها الإيجابية و تأثيرها الإجتماعي و في كلمة واحدة : إن مشكلتنا ليست في أن نبرهن للمسلم علي وجود الله بقدر ما هي في أن نشعره بوجوده و نملأ به نفسه، بإعتباره مصدرا للطاقة. "
-  المفكر الجزائري المسلم الراحل الأستاذ مالك بن نبي رحمه الله  -

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rasoulallahbinbadisassalacerhso  wefaqdev iktab
السبت, 28 تشرين2/نوفمبر 2020 09:57

ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION: FACTORS BEHIND ITS GLORY AND DECLINE 1

كتبه  By Tijani Ahmad Ashimi Assistant Professor, Dr., Department of General Studies, Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM).
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ABSTRACT

Civilization is widespread of quality civic idea, supported by full development of arts, maintained with enthusiasm to pursuit the knowledge in which many ethnicities and religions may participate. It begins from the time of the settlement of the first man on this earth. Almost every nation has contributed to the history of civilization, although the contribution may vary from one nation to another. What may distinguish one civilization from one another is the strength of the foundation on which these civilizations have been founded and the impact these civilizations have made to humanity as a whole. Based on this fact, Islamic Civilization which may be synonymous to tawhidic civilization is based on a unity of God which stands completely against any racial or ethnic discrimination. Such major racial and ethnic groups as the Arabs, Persians, Turks, Africans, Indians, Chinese and Malays in addition to numerous smaller units embraced Islam and contributed to the building of Islamic civilization. Moreover, Islam was not opposed to learning from the earlier civilizations and incorporating their science, learning, and culture into its own world view, as long as they did not oppose the principles of Islam. Indeed, historically speaking, during the period when Western civilization was experiencing the dark ages, between 700-1200 A.D, Islamic empire stretched from Central Asia to southern Europe. Scholarly learning was highly prized by Arab Muslims and the people, and they contributed greatly to science and mathematics. Many classical Greek and Roman works were translated into Arabic, and scientists expanded on the ideas. Yet, in this modern era, many seem to jubilate our past glory, without paying enough attention to the cause and impetus that contributed to that glory of Islamic civilization, and others tend to marginalize (if not ignore) the factors behind its collapse and decline. Therefore, this article by applying historical approach will explore the factors and raison d’etre of rise and fall of Islamic Civilization. And lastly, the article will provide some solutions and lessons that can be learned from rise and fall of Islamic civilization. Keywords: Islamic Civilization, Decline, Rise, Qur’an, Muslims, Arabs, Knowledge.

Introduction

Introduction Islamic civilization is strongly linked with Islamic world that can be divided in three sections geographically. If we focus our gaze on the Islamic part of the globe, it would look like an eagle that is flying with its two wings completely outstretched. The first geographical section is in the center, the heart of Muslim territory. The two others form wings on either side. The Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Palestine, Syria and Asia Minor can he regarded as the main body of the Islamic world, analogous to the body of the eagle. Asia Minor is its head and beak. The southern part of the peninsula is its tail with wings stretched out. Its right wing starts from Iran and Turkey, includes Afghanistan and Indo-Pak sub-continent, and extends up to Malaysia and Indonesia. Its left wing encompasses the whole of Northern Africa and had reached into Spain and France. According to many historians, the Islamic civilization starts from the seventh century of the Christian era as the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was born in 571 A.D. He started his mission in 610 A.D. and the most correct estimates state that, after having brought about a complete Islamic revolution throughout the Arabian peninsula, he returned to his Creator in the year 632 A.D. (May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) Meanwhile, after the demise of prophet Muhammad (S.W) Islamic civilization has continued to flourish in the time of his successors, and during the dynasties of Umayyads and Abbassids upheld the banner of the Islamic world. Their civilization’ and culture, their religion, their arts and sciences and their supremacy continued to exercise its hold on the greater portion of the civilized world. There is no doubt that such civilization was so unique and great on earth. Indeed, nowadays, many Muslims tend to talk about the golden age of Islamic civilization and its greatness without paying enough attention to the factors behind its glory in one hand, and the factors behind its decline in the later century in another. Hence this humble article aims to explore the vis-a-vis root causes of glory and the main reasons behind the decline of this unique civilization. As such, historical approach will be applied in order to achieve the aims and the objectives of the article. And lastly, the article will suggest some solutions and remedies that may solve the above problem.

Link : http://ijbel.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/KLiISC_118.pdf

قراءة 2959 مرات آخر تعديل على السبت, 05 كانون1/ديسمبر 2020 16:43

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