Al-Haytham’s advancement to geometry and number theory went well beyond the Archimedean tradition. AlHaytham also operated on analytical geometry and the early stages of the link between algebra and geometry. Subsequently, this work headed to pure mathematics with the harmonious fusion of algebra and geometry that was exemplified by Descartes in geometric analysis and by Newton in calculus. Al-Haytham was a scientist who made major contributions to the fields of mathematics, physics and astronomy during the latter half of the tenth century. John Peckham's use of alHatham's kitab Al-Manazir and Witelo's optics in the late thirteen century, has echoes of…

Everything they accuse President Trump of doing, they’ve first done (or at the very least they’ve wished they could). They project so much so often in fact—I’m completely convinced—that part of the reason they hate him so viscerally is that they honestly haven’t found something to pin on him yet.  It’s not for lack of trying. After trying so hard for the last four years their closing argument in their campaign (read that: job application) is that there’s something he didn’t do (for a disease no one had ever dealt with), he’s mean (he doesn’t tweet nice things about them), and he’s bound to…

In North Africa, rising temperatures associated with climate change are expected to decrease the land areas suitable for agriculture, shorten the length of growing seasons and reduce crop yields. The decrease in annual precipitation that is predicted for Northern Africa in the 21st century will exacerbate these effects, particularly in semi-arid and arid regions that rely on irrigation for crop growth. Whilst extreme events associated with climate change, like floods and droughts, will probably set economic development back many years, approaches to climate change adaptation are not usually aligned with development issues. Climate change mitigation will divert resources from programmes to…

NASHVILLE, Tenn. — Hunter Biden’s ex-business associate Tony Bobulinski accused Democratic nominee Joe Biden of lying about his involvement in his family’s overseas dealings in a stunning appearance just 90 minutes before Thursday evening’s presidential debate. “I have heard Joe Biden say he has never discussed his dealings with Hunter. That is false. I have firsthand knowledge about this because I directly dealt with the Biden family, including Joe Biden,” Bobulinski said following The Post’s bombshell reporting on Hunter Biden’s private emails. Bobulinski, who will be a guest of President Trump at the debate, showed three phones spanning 2015 to 2018 as…

On 4 April 1949, a group of nations, still recovering from the shock of the Second World War, came together to sign the North Atlantic Treaty resulting in the birth of NATO – the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. Twelve nations signed a pledge to protect and defend each other, resolving to: ‘unite their efforts for collective defence and the preservation of peace and security.’ However, over the intervening seven decades, the political winds have carved a very different geopolitical landscape. The threat of an explicit attack or invasion by an outside power has morphed into a multiplicity of 21st century…